Thematic role - Revision history

Uakci: update content and word forms

2023-07-07T11:22:17Z

update content and word forms

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:22, 7 July 2023
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	~~{{GammaNote}}~~

	A '''thematic role''' or '''semantic role''' is a way in which an object can relate to an event.		A '''thematic role''' or '''semantic role''' is a way in which an object can relate to an event.

Line 16:		Line 14:
	<blockquote>{{t\|choıdea}}: ___ stabs ___.</blockquote>		<blockquote>{{t\|choıdea}}: ___ stabs ___.</blockquote>

	Whereas thematic roles are represented using verbs that relate an event to an object, generally used as [[~~prepositions~~]] ({{done\|4}}):		Whereas thematic roles are represented using verbs that relate an event to an object, generally used as [[preposition]]s ({{done\|4}}):

	<blockquote>{{t\|nhuq}}: ___ happens for ___'s benefit.</blockquote>		<blockquote>{{t\|nhuq}}: ___ happens for ___'s benefit.</blockquote>
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	We say that the stabbing-event, or the being-stabbed-event, “happens for” Longinus's sake.		We say that the stabbing-event, or the being-stabbed-event, “happens for” Longinus's sake.

			=== In Toaq deep [[syntax]] ===

			(TODO: mention Spec𝑣P thematic role assignment vs. Spec/CompVP syntactic roles)

	== Table of thematic role words ==		== Table of thematic role words ==

	Each of these has a definition like: “___ is an event with ___ as its '''(Role)'''.”		Each of these has a definition like: “___ is an event with ___ as its '''(Role)'''.”. The first column lists “transparent” forms, or one that are built from some representative root (like {{t\|lıe}} ‘to experience’ for Experiencer, etc.). The second column is a made-up root that has the same meaning, but offers the convenience of being shorter or more elegant than its “transparent” counterpart – note that the word forms with an outgoing link (↗) are unofficial.

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	! Toaq word !! ~~Role~~ !! ~~Example~~		! colspan=3 \| Toaq word
			! rowspan=2 \| Role
			! rowspan=2 \| Example
			\|-
			! style="font-weight: normal; font-style: italic;" colspan=2 \| Transparent
			! style="font-weight: normal; font-style: italic;" \| Opaque
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|bọtua}}		\| {{t\|bọtua}}
			\| {{t\|tuacha}}
			\| {{t\|ecı\|\|ecı%20@TheAndSys}}
	\| Actor		\| Actor
	\| {{t\|bộtua jí}}, “<u>brought about by</u> me”		\| {{t\|bộtua jí}}, “<u>brought about by</u> me”
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|bọtao}}		\| {{t\|bọtao}}
			\| {{t\|taocha}}
			\|
	\| Intentional actor		\| Intentional actor
	\| {{t\|bộtao jí}}, “<u>done by</u> me”		\| {{t\|bộtao jí}}, “<u>done by</u> me”
	\|-		\|-
			\| {{t\|bọne}}
			\| ({{t\|necha}})
	\| {{t\|nhe}}		\| {{t\|nhe}}
	\| Extent		\| Extent
	\| {{t\|loq náo nhê néıheı keıcıu}}, “the water is <u>90°C</u> hot”		\| {{t\|loq náo nhê néıheı keıcıu}}, “the water is <u>90°C</u> hot”
	\|-		\|-
			\|
			\|
	\| {{t\|zuo}}		\| {{t\|zuo}}
	\| Purpose		\| Purpose
	\| {{t\|zûo ꝡä jaı súq}}, “<u>so that</u> you may be happy”		\| {{t\|zûo ꝡä jaı súq}}, “<u>so that</u> you may be happy”
	\|-		\|-
			\|
			\|
	\| {{t\|fana}}		\| {{t\|fana}}
	\| End point, direction, goal		\| End point, direction, goal
	\| {{t\|jara nháo fâna búe}}, “they run <u>toward</u> the house”		\| {{t\|jara nháo fâna búe}}, “they run <u>toward</u> the house”
	\|-		\|-
			\|
			\|
	\| {{t\|duo}}		\| {{t\|duo}}
	\| Duration		\| Duration
	\| {{t\|jara nháo dûo sá hora}}, “they run <u>for</u> an hour”		\| {{t\|jara nháo dûo sá hora}}, “they run <u>for</u> an hour”
	\|-		\|-
			\|
			\|
	\| {{t\|kuı}}		\| {{t\|kuı}}
	\| Reason		\| Reason
	\| {{t\|soa jí súq kûı ꝡä paı súq jí}}, “I help you <u>because</u> you're my friend”		\| {{t\|soa jí súq kûı ꝡä paı súq jí}}, “I help you <u>because</u> you're my friend”
	\|-		\|-
	~~! colspan="3" style="text-align:center"~~ \| ~~Words below this line are unofficial~~		\|
	\|-		\|
	\| {{t\|sını}}		\| {{t\|sını}}
	\| Starting point, source, origin		\| Starting point, source, origin
	\| {{t\|jara nháo sînı búe}}, “they run <u>from</u> the house”		\| {{t\|jara nháo sînı búe}}, “they run <u>from</u> the house”
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|~~gekyı~~}}~~<ref>~~{{t\|~~kyı~~}} ~~is an invalid syllable, marking these words as somewhat more experimental than the others.</ref>~~		\|
			\| {{t\|gecha}}
			\| {{t\|gem\|\|head:gem%20@uakci}}
	\| Stimulus		\| Stimulus
	\| {{t\|achu jí ~~gêkyı~~ hóegıo}}, “I sneeze <u>from</u> the sunlight”		\| {{t\|achu jí gêm hóegıo}}, “I sneeze <u>from</u> the sunlight”
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|~~tekyı~~}}		\|
			\| {{t\|techa}}
			\|
	\| Patient		\| Patient
	\| {{t\|ruqshua ~~têkyı~~ jí}}, “it rains <u>on (affecting, i.e. wetting)</u> me”		\| {{t\|ruqshua têcha jí}}, “it rains <u>on (affecting, i.e. wetting)</u> me”
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|~~taqkyı~~}}		\|
			\| {{t\|taqcha}}
			\|
	\| Agent + patient (affecting self)		\| Agent + patient (affecting self)
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|~~lıekyı~~}}		\|
			\| {{t\|lıecha}}
			\|
	\| Experiencer		\| Experiencer
	\|		\|
			\|-
			\|
			\| {{t\|juqcha}}
			\| {{t\|com\|\|com%20@lynn}}
			\| (Intended) recipient
			\| {{t\|shoı jí côm súq}}, “I shout <u>at</u> you” <br> {{t\|kuq jí sá côm súq}}, “I say something <u>to</u> you” <br> {{t\|juo ní côm súq}} “This is a letter <u>for</u> you”
	\|}		\|}

	“Agent” and “patient” roles are usually baked into a transitive verb, so translating {{t\|~~toıkyı~~}} and {{t\|~~tekyı~~}} can be a bit tricky or ambiguous.		“Agent” and “patient” roles are usually baked into a transitive verb, so translating {{t\|toıcha}} and {{t\|techa}} can be a bit tricky or ambiguous.

Laqme: update for Delta

2022-12-08T14:29:15Z

update for Delta

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:29, 8 December 2022
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	Some examples of thematic roles are:		Some examples of thematic roles are:
	* “agent”: who is willfully causing this event?		* “agent”: who is willfully causing this event?
	* ~~“instrument”~~: ~~what is used to carry out~~ this event?		* “benefactor”: who benefits from this event?
	* “patient”: who or what is affected/changed by this event?		* “patient”: who or what is affected/changed by this event?

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	<blockquote>{{t\|choıdea}}: ___ stabs ___.</blockquote>		<blockquote>{{t\|choıdea}}: ___ stabs ___.</blockquote>

	Whereas thematic roles are represented using verbs that relate an event to an object, generally used as [[prepositions]] ({{~~tone~~\|6}}):		Whereas thematic roles are represented using verbs that relate an event to an object, generally used as [[prepositions]] ({{done\|4}}):

	<blockquote>{{t\|~~chou~~}}: ___ ~~is an event with~~ ___ ~~as its instrument~~.</blockquote>		<blockquote>{{t\|nhuq}}: ___ happens for ___'s benefit.</blockquote>

	=== An example ===		=== An example ===
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	! Subject !! Object !! Agent !! Patient		! Subject !! Object !! Agent !! Patient
	\|-		\|-
	\| (1) {{t\|~~Chỏıdea~~ mí ~~Bủtusy~~ mí ~~Kảısary~~ da.}}<br>Brutus stabs Caesar. \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar		\| (1) {{t\|Choıdea mí Butusu mí Kaısa da.}}<br>Brutus stabs Caesar. \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar
	\|-		\|-
	\| (2) {{t\|~~Mủ chỏıdea~~ mí ~~Kảısary~~ mí ~~Bủtusy~~ da.}}<br>Caesar is-stabbed-by Brutus. \|\| Caesar \|\| Brutus \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar		\| (2) {{t\|Bọchoıdea mí Kaısa mí Butusu da.}}<br>Caesar is-stabbed-by Brutus. \|\| Caesar \|\| Brutus \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar
	\|}		\|}

	Note that the assignment of Agent and Patient roles to Brutus and Caesar happens “automatically” according to the semantics of {{t\|choıdea}}. To stab is for an agent to stab a patient.		Note that the assignment of Agent and Patient roles to Brutus and Caesar happens “automatically” according to the semantics of {{t\|choıdea}}. To stab is for an agent to stab a patient.

	We can further dress the event up with ~~an “instrument”~~ using a ~~thematic role word~~:		We can further dress the event up with a “benefactor” using a preposition:

	<blockquote>(3) {{t\|~~Chỏıdea~~ mí ~~Bủtusy~~ mí ~~Kảısary~~ <u>~~chòu~~</u> ~~sa tỏemy~~ da.}}<br>(4) {{t\|~~Mủ chỏıdea~~ mí ~~Kảısary~~ mí ~~Bủtusy~~ <u>~~chòu~~</u> ~~sa tỏemy~~ da.}}</blockquote>		<blockquote>(3) {{t\|Choıdea mí Butusu mí Kaısa <u>nhûq</u> mí Loqgınu da.}}<br>(4) {{t\|Bọchoıdea mí Kaısa mí Butusu <u>nhûq</u> mí Loqgınu da.}}</blockquote>

	We say that the stabbing-event, or the being-stabbed-event, “happens ~~using” a knife~~.		We say that the stabbing-event, or the being-stabbed-event, “happens for” Longinus's sake.

	== Table of thematic role words ==		== Table of thematic role words ==
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	! Toaq word !! Role !! Example		! Toaq word !! Role !! Example
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|~~chou~~}}		\| {{t\|bọtua}}
	\| ~~Instrument~~		\| Actor
	\| {{t\|~~chòu sa tỏemy~~}}, “<u>~~using~~</u> ~~a knife”~~		\| {{t\|bộtua jí}}, “<u>brought about by</u> me”
			\|-
			\| {{t\|bọtao}}
			\| Intentional actor
			\| {{t\|bộtao jí}}, “<u>done by</u> me”
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|nhe}}		\| {{t\|nhe}}
	\| Extent		\| Extent
	\| {{t\|~~lỏq~~ náo ~~nhè~~ néıheı ~~kẻıcıu~~}}, “the water is <u>90°C</u> hot”		\| {{t\|loq náo nhê néıheı keıcıu}}, “the water is <u>90°C</u> hot”
			\|-
			\| {{t\|zuo}}
			\| Purpose
			\| {{t\|zûo ꝡä jaı súq}}, “<u>so that</u> you may be happy”
			\|-
			\| {{t\|fana}}
			\| End point, direction, goal
			\| {{t\|jara nháo fâna búe}}, “they run <u>toward</u> the house”
			\|-
			\| {{t\|duo}}
			\| Duration
			\| {{t\|jara nháo dûo sá hora}}, “they run <u>for</u> an hour”
			\|-
			\| {{t\|kuı}}
			\| Reason
			\| {{t\|soa jí súq kûı ꝡä paı súq jí}}, “I help you <u>because</u> you're my friend”
	\|-		\|-
	! colspan="3" style="text-align:center" \| Words below this line are unofficial		! colspan="3" style="text-align:center" \| Words below this line are unofficial
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|~~sıny / sıy~~}}		\| {{t\|sını}}
	\| Starting point, source, origin		\| Starting point, source, origin
	\| {{t\|~~jảra~~ nháo ~~sìy~~ búe}}, “they run <u>from</u> the house”		\| {{t\|jara nháo sînı búe}}, “they run <u>from</u> the house”
	\|-
	~~\| {{t\|fany / fay}}~~
	~~\| End point, direction, goal~~
	~~\| {{t\|jảra nháo fày búe}}, “they run <u>toward</u> the house”~~
	\|-
	~~\| {{t\|puoq}}~~
	~~\| Purpose~~
	~~\| {{t\|pùoq jâı súq}}, “<u>so that</u> you may be happy”~~
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|gekyı}}<ref>{{t\|kyı}} is an invalid syllable, marking these words as somewhat more experimental than the others.</ref>		\| {{t\|gekyı}}<ref>{{t\|kyı}} is an invalid syllable, marking these words as somewhat more experimental than the others.</ref>
	\| Stimulus		\| Stimulus
	\| {{t\|~~ảchu~~ jí ~~gèkyı~~ hóegıo}}, “I sneeze <u>from</u> the sunlight”		\| {{t\|achu jí gêkyı hóegıo}}, “I sneeze <u>from</u> the sunlight”
	\|-
	~~\| {{t\|juqkyı}}~~
	~~\| Recipient, benefactor~~
	~~\| {{t\|sủaq jí jùqkyı súq}}, “I sing <u>for</u> you”~~
	\|-
	~~\| {{t\|toıkyı}}~~
	~~\| Agent~~
	~~\| {{t\|pỏaq núoqmy tòıkyı jí}}, “the mirror shatters <u>by my doing</u>”~~
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|tekyı}}		\| {{t\|tekyı}}
	\| Patient		\| Patient
	\| {{t\|~~rủqshua tètyı~~ jí}}, “it rains <u>on (affecting, i.e. wetting)</u> me”		\| {{t\|ruqshua têkyı jí}}, “it rains <u>on (affecting, i.e. wetting)</u> me”
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|taqkyı}}		\| {{t\|taqkyı}}

Laqme at 01:10, 8 December 2022

2022-12-08T01:10:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:10, 8 December 2022
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			{{GammaNote}}

	A '''thematic role''' or '''semantic role''' is a way in which an object can relate to an event.		A '''thematic role''' or '''semantic role''' is a way in which an object can relate to an event.

Mỉ Mỉao ga Nhäqpy: sıny and fany.

2022-10-13T17:20:28Z

sıny and fany.

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:20, 13 October 2022
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	! colspan="3" style="text-align:center" \| Words below this line are unofficial		! colspan="3" style="text-align:center" \| Words below this line are unofficial
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|sıy}}		\| {{t\|sıny / sıy}}
	\| Starting point, source, origin		\| Starting point, source, origin
	\| {{t\|jảra nháo sìy búe}}, “they run <u>from</u> the house”		\| {{t\|jảra nháo sìy búe}}, “they run <u>from</u> the house”
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|fay}}		\| {{t\|fany / fay}}
	\| End point, direction, goal		\| End point, direction, goal
	\| {{t\|jảra nháo fày búe}}, “they run <u>toward</u> the house”		\| {{t\|jảra nháo fày búe}}, “they run <u>toward</u> the house”

Laqme: /* Table of thematic role words */

2022-08-24T11:39:58Z

Table of thematic role words

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:39, 24 August 2022
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	\| {{t\|nhe}}		\| {{t\|nhe}}
	\| Extent		\| Extent
	\| {{t\|lỏq náo nhè ~~sáqheı~~ kẻıcıu}}, “the water is <u>~~30°C~~</u> hot”		\| {{t\|lỏq náo nhè néıheı kẻıcıu}}, “the water is <u>90°C</u> hot”
	\|-		\|-
	! colspan="3" style="text-align:center" \| Words below this line are unofficial		! colspan="3" style="text-align:center" \| Words below this line are unofficial

Laqme: shrink table

2021-11-02T19:53:51Z

shrink table

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:53, 2 November 2021
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	A '''thematic role''' or '''semantic role''' is a way in which an object can relate to an event.		A '''thematic role''' or '''semantic role''' is a way in which an object can relate to an event.

	Some examples of thematic roles are “agent” (who is willfully causing this event?), “instrument” (what is used to carry out this event?), or ~~“patient” (~~what is affected/changed by this event?).		Some examples of thematic roles are:
			* “agent”: who is willfully causing this event?
			* “instrument”: what is used to carry out this event?
			* “patient”: who or what is affected/changed by this event?

	== Syntactic and thematic roles ==		== Syntactic and thematic roles ==
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	<blockquote>{{t\|chou}}: ___ is an event with ___ as its instrument.</blockquote>		<blockquote>{{t\|chou}}: ___ is an event with ___ as its instrument.</blockquote>

	In ~~these~~ two sentences, the ''syntactic'' subject and object are exchanged, but the ''thematic'' roles stay the same: Brutus, the agent, is causing change, while Caesar, the patient, suffers this change.		=== An example ===
			In the two sentences below, the ''syntactic'' subject and object are exchanged, but the ''thematic'' roles stay the same: Brutus, the agent, is causing change, while Caesar, the patient, suffers this change.

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
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	We say that the stabbing-event, or the being-stabbed-event, “happens using” a knife.		We say that the stabbing-event, or the being-stabbed-event, “happens using” a knife.

	== ~~Overview~~ of thematic role words ==		== Table of thematic role words ==

			Each of these has a definition like: “___ is an event with ___ as its '''(Role)'''.”

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	! Toaq word !! ~~Definition~~ !! Example		! Toaq word !! Role !! Example
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|chou}}		\| {{t\|chou}}
	\| ~~___ is an event with ___ as its '''instrument'''.~~		\| Instrument
	\| {{t\|chòu sa tỏemy}} “<u>using</u> a knife”		\| {{t\|chòu sa tỏemy}}, “<u>using</u> a knife”
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|nhe}}		\| {{t\|nhe}}
	\| ~~___ is an event with ___ as its '''extent'''.~~		\| Extent
	\| {{t\|~~Lỏq~~ náo nhè sáqheı kẻıcıu}}, “the water is <u>30°C</u> hot”		\| {{t\|lỏq náo nhè sáqheı kẻıcıu}}, “the water is <u>30°C</u> hot”
	\|-		\|-
	! colspan="3" style="text-align:center" \| Words below this line are unofficial		! colspan="3" style="text-align:center" \| Words below this line are unofficial
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|sıy}}		\| {{t\|sıy}}
	\| ~~___ is an event with ___ as its '''starting~~ point, source, origin~~'''.~~		\| Starting point, source, origin
	\| {{t\|~~Jảra~~ nháo sìy búe}}, “they run <u>from</u> the house”		\| {{t\|jảra nháo sìy búe}}, “they run <u>from</u> the house”
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|fay}}		\| {{t\|fay}}
	\| ~~___ is an event with ___ as its '''end~~ point, direction, goal~~'''.~~		\| End point, direction, goal
	\| {{t\|~~Jảra~~ nháo fày búe}}, “they run <u>toward</u> the house”		\| {{t\|jảra nháo fày búe}}, “they run <u>toward</u> the house”
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|puoq}}		\| {{t\|puoq}}
	\| ~~___ is an event with ___ as its '''purpose'''.~~		\| Purpose
	\| {{t\|pùoq jâı súq}}, “<u>so that</u> you may be happy”		\| {{t\|pùoq jâı súq}}, “<u>so that</u> you may be happy”
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|gekyı}}<ref>{{t\|kyı}} is an invalid syllable, marking these words as somewhat more experimental than the others.</ref>		\| {{t\|gekyı}}<ref>{{t\|kyı}} is an invalid syllable, marking these words as somewhat more experimental than the others.</ref>
	\| ~~___ is an event with ___ as its '''stimulus'''.~~		\| Stimulus
	\| {{t\|~~Ảchu hó~~ gèkyı ~~póıbā~~}}, ~~“She sneezes~~ <u>~~because of/~~from</u> the ~~grass”~~		\| {{t\|ảchu jí gèkyı hóegıo}}, “I sneeze <u>from</u> the sunlight”
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|juqkyı}}		\| {{t\|juqkyı}}
	\| ~~… '''recipient/~~benefactor~~'''~~		\| Recipient, benefactor
	\| {{t\|~~Sủaq~~ jí jùqkyı súq}}, “I sing <u>for</u> you”		\| {{t\|sủaq jí jùqkyı súq}}, “I sing <u>for</u> you”
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|toıkyı}}		\| {{t\|toıkyı}}
	\| ~~… '''agent'''~~		\| Agent
	\| ~~Usually automatically assigned via syntactic slots.~~		\| {{t\|pỏaq núoqmy tòıkyı jí}}, “the mirror shatters <u>by my doing</u>”
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|tekyı}}		\| {{t\|tekyı}}
	\| ~~… '''patient'''~~		\| Patient
	\| ~~Usually automatically assigned via syntactic slots~~.		\| {{t\|rủqshua tètyı jí}}, “it rains <u>on (affecting, i.e. wetting)</u> me”
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|taqkyı}}		\| {{t\|taqkyı}}
	\| ~~… '''agent~~ + patient~~'''~~		\| Agent + patient (affecting self)
	\| ~~Usually automatically assigned via syntactic slots.~~		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{t\|lıekyı}}		\| {{t\|lıekyı}}
	\| ~~… '''experiencer'''~~		\| Experiencer
	\|		\|
	\|}		\|}

			“Agent” and “patient” roles are usually baked into a transitive verb, so translating {{t\|toıkyı}} and {{t\|tekyı}} can be a bit tricky or ambiguous.

Hoaqgio: Fix "te" -> "mu"

2021-11-02T17:26:36Z

Fix "te" -> "mu"

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:26, 2 November 2021
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	\| (1) {{t\|Chỏıdea mí Bủtusy mí Kảısary da.}}<br>Brutus stabs Caesar. \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar		\| (1) {{t\|Chỏıdea mí Bủtusy mí Kảısary da.}}<br>Brutus stabs Caesar. \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar
	\|-		\|-
	\| (2) {{t\|Tẻ chỏıdea mí Kảısary mí Bủtusy da.}}<br>Caesar is-stabbed-by Brutus. \|\| Caesar \|\| Brutus \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar		\| (2) {{t\|Mủ chỏıdea mí Kảısary mí Bủtusy da.}}<br>Caesar is-stabbed-by Brutus. \|\| Caesar \|\| Brutus \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar
	\|}		\|}

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	We can further dress the event up with an “instrument” using a thematic role word:		We can further dress the event up with an “instrument” using a thematic role word:

	<blockquote>(3) {{t\|Chỏıdea mí Bủtusy mí Kảısary <u>chòu</u> sa tỏemy da.}}<br>(4) {{t\|Tẻ chỏıdea mí Kảısary mí Bủtusy <u>chòu</u> sa tỏemy da.}}</blockquote>		<blockquote>(3) {{t\|Chỏıdea mí Bủtusy mí Kảısary <u>chòu</u> sa tỏemy da.}}<br>(4) {{t\|Mủ chỏıdea mí Kảısary mí Bủtusy <u>chòu</u> sa tỏemy da.}}</blockquote>

	We say that the stabbing-event, or the being-stabbed-event, “happens using” a knife.		We say that the stabbing-event, or the being-stabbed-event, “happens using” a knife.

Laqme at 17:23, 2 November 2021

2021-11-02T17:23:57Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:23, 2 November 2021
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	! Subject !! Object !! Agent !! Patient		! Subject !! Object !! Agent !! Patient
	\|-		\|-
	\| (1) {{t\|Chỏıdea mí Bủtusy mí Kảısary da.}} \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar		\| (1) {{t\|Chỏıdea mí Bủtusy mí Kảısary da.}}<br>Brutus stabs Caesar. \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar
	\|-		\|-
	\| (2) {{t\|Tẻ chỏıdea mí Kảısary mí Bủtusy da.}} \|\| Caesar \|\| Brutus \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar		\| (2) {{t\|Tẻ chỏıdea mí Kảısary mí Bủtusy da.}}<br>Caesar is-stabbed-by Brutus. \|\| Caesar \|\| Brutus \|\| Brutus \|\| Caesar
	\|}		\|}

Laqme at 17:22, 2 November 2021

2021-11-02T17:22:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:22, 2 November 2021
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	A '''thematic role''' or '''semantic role''' is a way in which an object can relate to an event.		A '''thematic role''' or '''semantic role''' is a way in which an object can relate to an event.

	Some examples of thematic roles are “agent” (who is causing this event?), “instrument” (what is used to carry out this event?), or “patient” (what is affected/changed by this event?).		Some examples of thematic roles are “agent” (who is willfully causing this event?), “instrument” (what is used to carry out this event?), or “patient” (what is affected/changed by this event?).

	== Syntactic and thematic roles ==		== Syntactic and thematic roles ==

Laqme: /* Syntactic and thematic roles */

2021-11-02T17:18:54Z

Syntactic and thematic roles

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:18, 2 November 2021
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	<blockquote>{{t\|chou}}: ___ is an event with ___ as its instrument.</blockquote>		<blockquote>{{t\|chou}}: ___ is an event with ___ as its instrument.</blockquote>

	In these two sentences, the ''syntactic'' subject and object are exchanged, but the ''thematic'' roles stay the same:		In these two sentences, the ''syntactic'' subject and object are exchanged, but the ''thematic'' roles stay the same: Brutus, the agent, is causing change, while Caesar, the patient, suffers this change.

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
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	Note that the assignment of Agent and Patient roles to Brutus and Caesar happens “automatically” according to the semantics of {{t\|choıdea}}. To stab is for an agent to stab a patient.		Note that the assignment of Agent and Patient roles to Brutus and Caesar happens “automatically” according to the semantics of {{t\|choıdea}}. To stab is for an agent to stab a patient.

	We can dress the event up with an “instrument” using a thematic role word:		We can further dress the event up with an “instrument” using a thematic role word:

	<blockquote>(3) {{t\|Chỏıdea mí Bủtusy mí Kảısary <u>chòu</u> sa tỏemy da.}}<br>(4) {{t\|Tẻ chỏıdea mí Kảısary mí Bủtusy <u>chòu</u> sa tỏemy da.}}</blockquote>		<blockquote>(3) {{t\|Chỏıdea mí Bủtusy mí Kảısary <u>chòu</u> sa tỏemy da.}}<br>(4) {{t\|Tẻ chỏıdea mí Kảısary mí Bủtusy <u>chòu</u> sa tỏemy da.}}</blockquote>