Illocution: Difference between revisions
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|wishes/hopes (optative) | |wishes/hopes (optative) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|bâ | |{{t|bâ}} | ||
|imperative | |imperative | ||
|- | |- | ||
|pá | |{{t|pá}} | ||
|imperative (elided súq) | |imperative (elided súq) | ||
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|promissive | |promissive | ||
|- | |- | ||
|doa | |{{t|doa}} | ||
|permissive | |permissive | ||
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|warning | |warning | ||
|- | |- | ||
|zí | |{{t|zí}} | ||
|seeking confirmation | |seeking confirmation | ||
|} | |} | ||
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| colspan="4" |"(I promise) I'll sleep." | | colspan="4" |"(I promise) I'll sleep." | ||
|} | |} | ||
==See also== | |||
* [[Illocution test]] | |||
Latest revision as of 23:24, 21 September 2024
Illocutions mark the purpose of the sentence. It also ends the sentence.
List of illocutions
| Illocution | Purpose |
|---|---|
| da | assertive |
| dâ | explanatory |
| móq | interogative |
| môq | rhetorical interogative |
| ka | performative |
| ba | wishes/hopes (optative) |
| bâ | imperative |
| pá | imperative (elided súq) |
| nha | promissive |
| doa | permissive |
| ꝡo | warning |
| zí | seeking confirmation |
Explanations
da is used for asserting things. Think of this as a normal sentence (as in not a question or a command, but just stating something).
Please note that all caps "ASS" stands for "assertive", and not the other word.
| Bu | guaı | súq | da. |
| not | work | you | ASS |
| "You aren't working." | |||
If you are now explaining why you aren't working, you would need dâ.
| Nuokuaı | jí | dâ |
| tired | I | ASSexpl |
| "I'm tired." | ||
moq is used for asking questions.
| Ma | luı | nuo | súq | móq? |
| whether | PRF | sleep | you | INT |
| "Have you slept?" | ||||
môq is for rhetorical questions. You didn't sleep because you were working!
| Bu | nuo | jı | kûı | hí | môq? |
| not | sleep | I | because | which | INTrhet |
| "Why didn't I sleep?" | |||||
So, you probably need sleep now. It's best to say goodbye now. ka is for "performing" things.
| Shaıhıo | jí | súq | ka. |
| greet.on.parting | I | you | PER |
| "I hereby greet you upon parting." (i.e. "Goodbye.") | |||
ba is for telling people to do things as well as for expressing wishes and hopes. Anyway, they want to make sure you're actually going to sleep.
| Nuo | ba. |
| Sleep | OPT |
| "Sleep!" | |
nha is used for promises.
| Jıa | nuo | jí | nha. |
| FUT | sleep | I | PRM |
| "(I promise) I'll sleep." | |||