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Tone: Difference between revisions
Add Seoqrea's POS/tone table
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(Add Seoqrea's POS/tone table) |
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#The '''rising tone''' {{done|2}} is used for nouns, [[determiners]], and pronouns. ({{t|káto}} “the cat”, {{t|sá kato}} “some cat(s)”, {{t|jí}} “I/me”) | #The '''rising tone''' {{done|2}} is used for nouns, [[determiners]], and pronouns. ({{t|káto}} “the cat”, {{t|sá kato}} “some cat(s)”, {{t|jí}} “I/me”) | ||
#The '''low glottal tone''' {{done|3}} is used for complementizers and clause-initiating words. ({{t|ꝡä gı}} “that it’s good”) | #The '''low glottal tone''' {{done|3}} is used for complementizers and clause-initiating words. ({{t|ꝡä gı}} “that it’s good”) | ||
#The '''rising-falling tone''' {{done|4}} is for adverbial adjuncts | #The '''rising-falling tone''' {{done|4}} is for adverbial adjuncts. | ||
=== Interaction with parts of speech === | |||
This table shows how the four tones interact with Toaq's parts of speech: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! | |||
! Falling tone {{done|1}} | |||
! Rising tone {{done|2}} | |||
! Glottal tone {{done|3}} | |||
! Rising-falling tone {{done|4}} | |||
|- | |||
! [[Verb]] | |||
| <ul><li>[[Verbal complex]]<li>[[Serial]] tail<li>[[Adjective]]<li>[[Determiner]] complement</ul> | |||
| [[Bound variable]] | |||
| style=background:#ccc | | |||
| [[Adjunct]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[Pronoun]] | |||
| style=background:#ccc | | |||
| Argument | |||
| [[Incorporated object]] | |||
| style=background:#ccc | | |||
|- | |||
! [[Determiner]] | |||
| style=background:#ccc | | |||
| Argument | |||
| [[Incorporated object]] | |||
| style=background:#ccc | | |||
|- | |||
! [[Complementizer]] | |||
| [[Speech act]] complement | |||
| style=background:#ccc | | |||
| [[Subclause]] head</ul> | |||
| [[Incorporated object]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[Interjection]] | |||
| Interjection | |||
| Inquiry | |||
| style=background:#ccc | | |||
| Expression of empathy | |||
|- | |||
! [[Speech act particle]] | |||
| colspan=4 | Lexical tone (i.e. {{t|dâ}} and {{t|da}} are simply different lexemes) | |||
|- | |||
! [[Focus particle]] | |||
| colspan=4 | Steals tone from head if possible, otherwise echoes it | |||
|- | |||
! [[Conjunction]] | |||
| Highest precedence | |||
| Default precedence | |||
| style=background:#ccc | | |||
| Second highest precedence | |||
|} | |||
==Toaq Gamma== | ==Toaq Gamma== | ||
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There used to be a '''flat tone''' {{tone|1}}, which marked the continuation of a multisyllable word. But now, the tone contour is spread out over the whole word. This was tone #1, but now it is gone. So we start counting from #2, because it would be more confusing to re-number them. | There used to be a '''flat tone''' {{tone|1}}, which marked the continuation of a multisyllable word. But now, the tone contour is spread out over the whole word. This was tone #1, but now it is gone. So we start counting from #2, because it would be more confusing to re-number them. | ||
The rising-creaky tone {{tone|3}} used to be dipping {{tone|3old}}, and {{tone|7}} was just “creaky”.== Lexical tone == | The rising-creaky tone {{tone|3}} used to be dipping {{tone|3old}}, and {{tone|7}} was just “creaky”. | ||
== Lexical tone == | |||
Toaq actually does have a little bit of lexical tone. For example, {{t|moq}} (question marker) and {{t|môq}} (rhetorical question marker) are different lexemes. | Toaq actually does have a little bit of lexical tone. For example, {{t|moq}} (question marker) and {{t|môq}} (rhetorical question marker) are different lexemes. | ||