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=== How many tones are there? ===
=== How many tones are there? ===
✅ 6 full tones and 1 neutral tone.
✅ 4 tones.
; See article: [[Tone]]
; See article: [[Tone]]


=== What does tone X do? ===
=== What does tone X do? ===
✅ See the following table:
✅ See the following table:
 
{| class="wikitable"
{| class=wikitable
|-
! #  !! Name                !! Mark      !! Creates/Used with
!
!Falling tone {{done|1}}
!Rising tone {{done|2}}
!Glottal tone {{done|3}}
!Rising-falling tone {{done|4}}
|-
! [[Verb]]
|<ul><li>[[Verbal complex]] <li>[[Serial]] tail <li>[[Adjective]] <li> [[Determiner]] complement</ul>
| [[Bound variable]]
| style="background:#ccc" |
|[[Adjunct]]
|-
|-
| 2️⃣ || Rising tone          || {{tone|2}} || argument phrase
![[Pronoun]]
| style="background:#ccc" |
|Argument
| style="background:#ccc" |
|[[Incorporated object]]
|-
|-
| 3️⃣ || Rising glottal tone  || {{tone|3}} || relative clause
![[Determiner]]
| style="background:#ccc" |
|Argument
| style="background:#ccc" |
|[[Incorporated object]]
|-
|-
| 4️⃣ || Falling tone        || {{tone|4}} || predicate phrase
![[Complementizer]]
|[[Speech act]] complement
| style="background:#ccc" |
|[[Subclause]] head
|[[Incorporated object]]
|-
|-
| 5️⃣ || Rising-falling tone  || {{tone|5}} || content clause
! [[Interjection]]
|Interjection
|Inquiry
| style="background:#ccc" |
|Expression of empathy
|-
|-
| 6️⃣ || Low tone             || {{tone|6}} || preposition
![[Speech act particle]]
| colspan="4" | Lexical tone (i.e. {{Derani||da}} and {{Derani||dâ}} are simply different lexemes)
|-
|-
| 7️⃣ || Low glottal tone    || {{tone|7}} || adverbial phrase
![[Focus particle]]
| colspan="4" |Steals tone from head if possible, otherwise echoes it
|-
|-
| 8️⃣ || Neutral tone        || {{tone|8}} || particle
![[Conjunction]]
| Highest precedence
| Default precedence
| style="background:#ccc" |
|Second highest precedence
|}
|}
Tone 1 used to be {{tone|1}}, a flat tone that formed compounds. Nowadays Toaq uses word tone instead of syllable tone, therefore tone 1 is no longer needed anymore (although the numbers of the other tones have not changed to reflect this).
; See article: [[Tone]]
=== How do you pronounce X? ===
=== How do you pronounce X? ===
✅ Please refer to this tool: http://toaq.org/letters/
✅ Please refer to https://toaq.net/refgram/phonology/.


=== Is there a way to check whether my sentence is correct? ===
=== Is there a way to check whether my sentence is correct? ===
✅ Yes, using one of the online parsers:  
✅ Yes, using one of the online parsers:  
* https://toaq.net/zugai/ (in-development, may lack some features, but produces detailed output)
* https://toaq.net/zugai/ (Gamma, in-development, may lack some features, but produces detailed output)
* https://toaq.net/peg/ (up-to-date and produces a simplistic tree; may accept some incorrect inputs)
* https://toaq.net/peg/ (Beta, produces a simplistic tree; may accept some incorrect inputs)
* https://toaq.herokuapp.com/ (outdated)
* https://toaq.herokuapp.com/ (outdated)


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=== How do I type the tone marks/symbols/diacritics? ===
=== How do I type the tone marks/symbols/diacritics? ===
✅ Please see http://www.toaq.org/#autohotkey and https://github.com/acotis/autokey-toaq-tones
✅ Please see [[Input methods]].
; See article: [[Input methods]]
 
=== Where does the Toaq logo come from? ===
=== Where does the Toaq logo come from? ===
✅ It's original.
✅ It's original.
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=== Are the Toaq logo, flag, or colors based on the transgender flag? ===
=== Are the Toaq logo, flag, or colors based on the transgender flag? ===
✅ No, it's a coincidence that they share the same colors.<ref>Quote from Hoemaı on Discord: <blockquote>
✅ No, it's a coincidence that they share the same colors.<ref>Quote from Hoemaı on Discord: <blockquote>
This comes up a lot, so maybe I should tell the whole story of how those colors came to be.<br>
This comes up a lot, so maybe I should tell the whole story of how those colors came to be.<br>It was around 2015 while I was working on/planning my second Lojban album (which was originally meant to "just" be an EP). One of the cover designs had pink and light blue text on a black background (neon style), and it was then that I realized how much I liked that color combo. Coincidentally, it wasn't much later that I had to pick colors for Toaq, and so I picked those. This was long before I had ever seen the trans flag. So the answer to the common question "is it a coincidence that they share the same colors?" is Yes.
It was around 2015 while I was working on/planning my second Lojban album (which was originally meant to "just" be an EP). One of the cover designs had pink and light blue text on a black background (neon style), and it was then that I realized how much I liked that color combo. Coincidentally, it wasn't much later that I had to pick colors for Toaq, and so I picked those. This was long before I had ever seen the trans flag. So the answer to the common question "is it a coincidence that they share the same colors?" is Yes.
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
</ref>
</ref>
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In doing so, I'm also giving the language the chance to grow organically with the help of its speakers.
In doing so, I'm also giving the language the chance to grow organically with the help of its speakers.


=== Is there really a glottal stop in the {{t|ä}} and {{t|ã}} tones? ===
=== Is there really a glottal stop in the {{t|ä}} tone? ===
✅ Yes.
✅ Yes.


=== How new/old is Toaq? ===
=== How new/old is Toaq? ===
✅ The current version was published in September 2017. The very first version alpha version was published in 2013.  
✅ The current version was published in December 2022. The very first version alpha version was published in 2013.  


=== What's the difference between {{t|ceo}} and {{t|sho}}? ===
=== What's the difference between {{t|ceo}} and {{t|sho}}? ===
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{{t|ceo}} says that a thing begins to be the case, which can be said of things that don't priorly exist or are the case. {{t|sho}} on the other hand can be said of things that already exist; they merely undergo a change that makes them become such that they now have a certain property they previously did not.
{{t|ceo}} says that a thing begins to be the case, which can be said of things that don't priorly exist or are the case. {{t|sho}} on the other hand can be said of things that already exist; they merely undergo a change that makes them become such that they now have a certain property they previously did not.
Both are appropriate in most situations.
Both are appropriate in most situations.


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=== What's the vowel order? ===
=== What's the vowel order? ===
✅ {{t|A U I O E Y}}
✅ {{t|A U I O E}}


=== How can I join the discord server? ===
=== How can I join the discord server? ===
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=== What's the terminator of X? ===
=== What's the terminator of X? ===
✅ Please refer to this table:
{|
! Structure !! Terminator
|-
| mı        || {{t|ga}}
|-
| po        || {{t|ga}}
|-
| mo        || {{t|teo}}
|-
| kıo      || {{t|kı}}
|-
| lu        || {{t|ky}}
|-
| prenex    || {{t|bı}}
|-
| statement || {{t|cy}}
|}
; See article: [[Terminator]]
=== Is there an automatic interpreter of Toaq? Is there a translator from Toaq to logic notation? ===
=== Is there an automatic interpreter of Toaq? Is there a translator from Toaq to logic notation? ===
✅ Indeed there is!
✅ Indeed there is!
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=== How do you say "I'm making some coffee" in Toaq? ===
=== How do you say "I'm making some coffee" in Toaq? ===
☕ 404
☕ 404 ({{T|Baı jí báq kafe.}})


=== What does {{t|ku}} ("focus") mean?  ===
=== What does {{t|kú}} ("focus") mean?  ===
✅ Here's an explanation: https://toaqlanguage.wordpress.com/2018/06/01/on-the-logic-of-ku/
✅ Here's an explanation: https://toaqlanguage.wordpress.com/2018/06/01/on-the-logic-of-ku/


=== Is there a way to mark contrastive focus or emphasis? ===
=== Is there a way to mark contrastive focus or emphasis? ===
✅ Yes, by using {{t|beı}} in front the word.
✅ Yes, by using {{t|béı}} in front the word.


=== What's the system for referring to nationalities/languages/countries? ===
=== What's the system for referring to nationalities/languages/countries? ===
✅ This is the system:
✅ This is the system:
Take the country's native name or the native adjective describing the nationality and borrow it. This borrowing now refers generically to anything having to do with the country or its culture.
Take the country's native name or the native adjective describing the nationality and borrow it. This borrowing now refers generically to anything having to do with the country or its culture.
:    For example, {{t|Juqguo}} ("China") means "to be Chinese, to be of China, its languages or people".
:    For example, {{t|Juqguo}} ("China") means "to be Chinese, to be of China, its languages or people".
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=== How do I do an indirect quote? ===
=== How do I do an indirect quote? ===
✅ Use lû or the fifth tone ({{tone|5}} tone) on a predicate and use it with ruaq or duatūa for indirect assertions and duasue for indirect questions:
✅ Use {{T|ꝡä}}+predicate with {{T|ruaq}} or {{T|duatua}} for indirect assertions and {{T|duasue}} for indirect questions:
Examples:
 
: {{t|Rủaq hó bû tỉ hó chíejıo}} "She says [that] she isn't at school."
* {{t|Ruaq hó ꝡä bu tı hó chíejıo.}} = "She says [that] she isn't at school."
: {{t|Dủatua hó jí tî hó hı rảı}} "He told me where he is."
: {{t|Duatua hó jí ꝡä tı hó hí raı.}} = "He told me where he is."
: {{t|Dủasue hó jí bûa jí hı rảı}} "They asked me where I live."  
: {{t|Duasue hó jí ꝡä bua jí hí raı.}} = "They asked me where I live."


=== Is there a memrise deck? ===
=== Is there a memrise deck? ===
✅ There is: https://www.memrise.com/course/1974691/toaq-simple-predicates-2018-06-03/
✅ There is, but it is outdated: https://www.memrise.com/course/1974691/toaq-simple-predicates-2018-06-03/


=== Is there a frequency list? ===
=== Is there a frequency list? ===
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=== Is there a list of translated sentences? ===
=== Is there a list of translated sentences? ===
✅ We are working on it!  
✅ We are working on it!
 
See: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1bCQoaX02ZyaElHiiMcKHFemO4eV1MEYmYloYZgOAhac/edit#gid=1395088029
See: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1bCQoaX02ZyaElHiiMcKHFemO4eV1MEYmYloYZgOAhac/edit#gid=1395088029


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| colspan=4 |                || they        || = || {{t|nháo}} || ''they/them, he/him, she/her''
| colspan=4 |                || they        || = || {{t|nháo}} || ''they/them, he/him, she/her''
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | || you        || + || they  || = || {{t|súo}}  || ''you''
| colspan="4" |
|they
|=
|{{T|nhána}}
|they/them (plural)
|-
| colspan="2" | || you        || + || they  || = || {{t|súo}}  || ''you all''
|-
|-
| me          || + || you    || colspan=2 | || = || {{t|úmı}}  || ''we, us''
| me          || + || you    || colspan=2 | || = || {{t|úmı}}  || ''we, us''
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| me          || + || you    || + || they  || = || {{t|ámao}} || ''we, us''
| me          || + || you    || + || they  || = || {{t|ámao}} || ''we, us''
|}
|}
{{t|súq}} and {{t|nháo}} can be singular or plural. When necessary, plurality can be expressed by using {{t|puq}} (e.g. {{t|púq nhảo}} "they").
; See article: [[Pronoun]]
; See article: [[Pronoun]]


=== How do you make a plural? How do you pluralize a noun? ===
=== How do you make a plural? How do you pluralize a noun? ===
✅ Toaq nouns are not inflected for grammatical number. Any noun can refer to one or more things. When necessary, singular and plural can be made explicit:
✅ Toaq nouns are not inflected for grammatical number. Any noun can refer to one or more things. When necessary, singular and plural can be made explicit:
* To specify a singular, use {{t|shı}} ("one") as the head of a serial predicate.
* To specify a singular, use {{t|nẹshı}} ("one") as an adjective.
*: Example: {{t|shí jỉo}} "the [one] building" (explicit singular)
*: Example: {{t|jío nẹshı}} "the [one] building" (explicit singular)
*
* To specify a plural, use puq ("multiple") as an adjective.
* To specify a plural, use puq ("multiple") as the head of a serial predicate.
*: Example: {{t|jío puq}} "the [more than one] buildings" (explicit plural).
*: Example: {{t|púq jỉo}} "the [more than one] buildings" (explicit plural).
Marking number is never required. It is usually obvious (or not terribly important) whether something is one thing or more than one thing. When in doubt, read a bare noun as plural unless context suggests otherwise.  
Marking number is never required. It is usually obvious (or not terribly important) whether something is one thing or more than one thing. When in doubt, read a bare noun as plural unless context suggests otherwise.  
=== Why do I sometimes see words ending with consonants other than q? / What is vietoaq? / What are these weird word shapes? ===
✅ Vietoaq is a now obsolete way of encoding tones without diacritics. Each tone is marked via a specific consonant at the end of a syllable. For closed syllables (q in the coda), the voiced equivalent of the same consonant is used.
; See: [[Vietoaq]]
; [[User:Lynn|Lynn]]'s Vietoaq practice tool: http://foldr.moe/vietoaq/
=== Why are some tones missing from this text and some are not? Sparse tonal marking ===
✅ It was discovered that it's possible to write Toaq without explicitly distinguishing {{tone|4}} and {{tone|8}}. Both can be written as a diacritic-less syllable and the tone of the syllable can be deduced by the following rules:
* If the syllable is a contentive (predicate word / root word), it carries the {{tone|4}} tone.
* If the syllable is a particle, it carries the {{tone|8}} tone.
Examples:
: {{t|Kaı jí da}} → {{t|Kảı jí da}} ("I write")
: {{t|Kaqgaı súq hı rảı moq}} → {{t|Kảqgaı súq hı rảı moq}} ("What do you see?")
: {{t|De ní rua}} → {{t|Dẻ ní rủa}} ("This flower is beautiful")
This style of writing remains fully unambiguous. It can be seen as a less formal way of writing, useful if one is lazy or if one doesn't have easy access to {{tone|4}} diacritics on one's input device.


=== What does it mean when a function word is written in all caps? / What function word classes are there? ===
=== What does it mean when a function word is written in all caps? / What function word classes are there? ===
✅ In discussions about Toaq grammar, a function word in all caps usually refers to a function word class. Function words that share the same grammar are grouped together in a class. This class is usually named after its most prominent member. For example, the words {{t|da, ba, ka and moq}} have the same grammar, and their class is named {{class|da}}. We say, for instance, that "{{t|moq}} is in {{class|da}}".
✅ In discussions about Toaq grammar, a function word in all caps usually refers to a function word class. Function words that share the same grammar are grouped together in a class. This class is usually named after its most prominent member. For example, the words {{t|da, ba, ka and moq}} have the same grammar, and their class is named {{class|da}}. We say, for instance, that "{{t|móq}} is in {{class|da}}".


Knowing these classes is useful, because once you have learned how to use one member of a class, you automatically know how to use every other member of the same class, too (syntactically speaking). If a sentence is grammatically correct with one member of a class, then substituting it with any other member of the same class will retain the same grammatical structure. The grammar does not distinguish between individual members of a class.
Knowing these classes is useful, because once you have learned how to use one member of a class, you automatically know how to use every other member of the same class, too (syntactically speaking). If a sentence is grammatically correct with one member of a class, then substituting it with any other member of the same class will retain the same grammatical structure. The grammar does not distinguish between individual members of a class.
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These are the classes and their members:
These are the classes and their members:
{|
{|
| {{class|da}}  || {{t|da}}, {{t|ba}}, {{t|ka}}, {{t|moq}}, {{t|nha}}, {{t|go}}, {{t|zay}}
| {{class|da}}  || {{t|da}}, {{t|ba}}, {{t|ka}}, {{t|móq}}, {{t|nha}}, {{t|ꝡó}}
|-
|-
| {{class|sa}}  || {{t|sa}}, {{t|sıa}}, {{t|tu}}, {{t|tushı}}, {{t|tuq}}, {{t|ja}}, {{t|ke}}, {{t|hı}}, {{t|baq}}, {{t|hoı}}
| {{class|sa}}  || {{t|sá}}, {{t|sía}}, {{t|tú}}, {{t|túq}}, {{t|já}}, {{t|ké}}, {{t|hí}}, {{t|báq}}, {{t|hú}}, {{t|ní}}
|-
|-
| {{class|ru}}  || {{t|ru}}, {{t|ra}}, {{t|ro}}, {{t|rı}}, {{t|roı}}
| {{class|ru}}  || {{t|rú}}, {{t|rá}}, {{t|ró}}, {{t|rí}}, {{t|róı}}, {{t|kéo}}
|-
|-
| {{class|to}}  || {{t|to}}
| {{class|to}}  || {{t|to}}
|-
|-
| {{class|la}}  || {{t|la}}, {{t|ma}}, {{t|tıo}}
| {{class|ꝡa}}  || {{t|ꝡa}}, {{t|ma}}, {{t|tıo}}
|-
| {{class|je}}  || {{t|je}}, {{t|keo}}, {{t|tıu}}, {{t|nhu}}, {{t|fou}}
|-
|-
| {{class|bı}}  || {{t|bı}}
| {{class|bı}}  || {{t|bı}}
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|-
|-
| {{class|na}}  || {{t|na}}
| {{class|na}}  || {{t|na}}
|-
| {{class|ga}}  || {{t|ga}}
|-
| {{class|cy}}  || {{t|cy}}
|-
| {{class|ky}}  || {{t|ky}}
|}
|}


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|}
|}


=== What's the difference between an indirect question and a {{t|lú}} phrase? ===
=== What's the difference between an indirect question and a {{t|ꝡé}} phrase? ===
✅ The distinction is extremely important logically speaking, but English usually conflates the two, so many people overlook the difference. The following example illustrates the difference:
✅ The distinction is extremely important logically speaking, but English usually conflates the two, so many people overlook the difference. The following example illustrates the difference:
# {{t|Dủa jí chî súq hı rảı}} – I know what you believe
# {{t|Dua jí ꝡä chı súq hí raı.}} = "I know ''what'' you believe"
# {{t|Dủa jí lú chỉ súq hóa}} – I know what you believe
# {{t|Dua jí ꝡé chı súq hóa.}} = "I ''know'' what you believe"
Let's say that what you believe is [God exists].
Let's say that what you believe is [God exists].
# says that I know that you believe [God exists], because I know what it is that you believe
# says that I know that you believe [God exists], because I know what it is that you believe
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