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Prenex: Difference between revisions
you don’t like it? 😢
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The term comes from logic (via Lojban), where the part before the colon in <math>\exists x \forall y: P(x,y)</math> is called the prenex. So, {{t|bı}} functions much like that colon. | The term comes from logic (via Lojban), where the part before the colon in <math>\exists x \forall y: P(x,y)</math> is called the prenex. So, {{t|bı}} functions much like that colon. | ||
The [[refgram]] confusingly [https://toaq.net/refgram/21/ calls the prenex the topic], which I don't like. | The [[refgram]] confusingly [https://toaq.net/refgram/21/ calls the prenex the topic], which [[User:Lynn|I]] don't like. | ||
== Interpretation of terms == | == Interpretation of terms == | ||
* A [[ | * A [[Determiner|quantifying determiner phrase]], such as {{t|sa chaq}}, introduces a quantification with [[scope]] over the whole clause. A mathematician or logician would read this as "there exist some days ''C'' such that...", and then read instances of {{t|cháq}} in the remainder of the sentence as ''C''. | ||
* A definite noun phrase, such as {{t|ke chaq}} or {{t|cháq}}, marks a topic. This has no impact on the logical denotation of the rest of the clause, but lets speakers organize their speech or give context clues. | * A definite noun phrase, such as {{t|ke chaq}} or {{t|cháq}} in the prenex, marks a '''topic'''. This has no impact on the logical denotation of the rest of the clause, but lets speakers organize their speech or give context clues. | ||
* An [[adverbial]] spans over the whole clause with the usual interpretation. See that article for more details. | * An [[adverbial]] spans over the whole clause with the usual interpretation. See that article for more details. | ||
== Examples == | == Examples == | ||
Marking the topic of a simple sentence, using a definite noun phrase before {{t|bı}}: | Marking the topic of a simple sentence, using a definite noun phrase before {{t|bı}}: | ||
{{example|<u>Ní | {{example|<u>Ní kủe bı</u> bủ chỏ jí bóu.|As for this book: I don't like it.}} | ||
You can do the same in a subclause: the prenex is between {{t|lâ}} and {{t|bı}}. | You can do the same in a subclause: the prenex is between {{t|lâ}} and {{t|bı}}. | ||
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Compare this to if we had not used a prenex: | Compare this to if we had not used a prenex: | ||
{{example|Shảo jí nôaq <u>sa kủe</u> da.|I want that [for some books ''K'': you read ''K''].<br>I would like you to read some books. (i.e. I don't care which ones)}} | {{example|Shảo jí nôaq súq <u>sa kủe</u> da.|I want that [for some books ''K'': you read ''K''].<br>I would like you to read some books. (i.e. I don't care which ones)}} | ||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
* [https://toaq.net/refgram/21/ ''Topic''] in the [[reference grammar]]. | * [https://toaq.net/refgram/21/ ''Topic''] in the [[reference grammar]]. | ||