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add rephrasings
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<blockquote> | <blockquote> | ||
{{t|Shoe jí {{vy}}ä kuq súq <u>sía</u> raı da.}}<br> | {{t|Shoe jí {{vy}}ä kuq súq <u>sía</u> raı da.}}<br> | ||
'''means:''' “I allow you to say <u>nothing</u>.”<br> | '''means:''' “I allow you to say <u>nothing</u>.” (i.e. I allow you to shut up)<br> | ||
'''not:''' ❌ “There is nothing that I allow you to say.” | '''not:''' ❌ “There is nothing that I allow you to say.” | ||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
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Here, the scope of {{t|sía}} is the clause “{{t|{{vy}}ä kuq súq sía raı}}”. | Here, the scope of {{t|sía}} is the clause “{{t|{{vy}}ä kuq súq sía raı}}”. | ||
== | == Clefting and scope == | ||
If we want to say the other thing, we have to lift {{t|sía}} out of the clause by [[clefting]] it to the main clause: | If we want to say the other thing, we have to lift {{t|sía}} out of the clause by [[clefting]] it to the main clause: | ||
<blockquote> | <blockquote> | ||
{{t|<u>Sía raı nä</u> shoe jí {{vy}}ä kuq súq ráı da.}}<br> | {{t|<u>Sía raı nä</u> shoe jí {{vy}}ä kuq súq ráı da.}}<br> | ||
<u>There is nothing that</u> I allow you to say. | <u>There is nothing that</u> I allow you to say. (i.e. I ban you from talking) | ||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
See [https://toaq.net/refgram/ | See [https://toaq.net/refgram/syntax/#the_cleft_verb The cleft verb] in the [[refgram]]. | ||
== "Scoping over" == | == "Scoping over" == | ||
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== Scope creep == | == Scope creep == | ||
One common | One common mistake is to rephrase sentences involving {{t|{{vy}}ä}} using a [[serial verb]], under the impression that the meaning stays the same: | ||
<blockquote> | <blockquote> | ||
{{t|Shoe jí {{vy}}ä kuq súq sía raı da.}}<br> | {{t|Shoe jí {{vy}}ä kuq súq sía raı da.}}<br> | ||
“I allow you to say nothing.”<br> | “I allow you to say nothing.” (I allow you to shut up)<br> | ||
→ 🤔 {{t|<u>Shoe kuq</u> jí súq sía raı da.}}<br> | → 🤔 {{t|<u>Shoe kuq</u> jí súq sía raı da.}}<br> | ||
“I allow-to-say you nothing( | “I allow-to-say you nothing.” (I ban you from talking) | ||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
However, the {{t|{{vy}}ä}} clause that was limiting the scope of {{t|sía}} is now gone, which means that {{t|sía}} scopes over the whole sentence. The meaning of the sentence is thereby changed to ''“There is nothing that I allow you to say”''. | However, the {{t|{{vy}}ä}} clause that was limiting the scope of {{t|sía}} is now gone, which means that {{t|sía}} scopes over the whole sentence. The meaning of the sentence is thereby changed to ''“There is nothing that I allow you to say”''. | ||