Tone: Difference between revisions

1,203 bytes added ,  14:23, 12 December 2022
Add Seoqrea's POS/tone table
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(Add Seoqrea's POS/tone table)
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#The '''rising tone''' {{done|2}} is used for nouns, [[determiners]], and pronouns. ({{t|káto}} “the cat”, {{t|sá kato}} “some cat(s)”, {{t|jí}} “I/me”)
#The '''rising tone''' {{done|2}} is used for nouns, [[determiners]], and pronouns. ({{t|káto}} “the cat”, {{t|sá kato}} “some cat(s)”, {{t|jí}} “I/me”)
#The '''low glottal tone''' {{done|3}} is used for complementizers and clause-initiating words. ({{t|ꝡä gı}} “that it’s good”)
#The '''low glottal tone''' {{done|3}} is used for complementizers and clause-initiating words. ({{t|ꝡä gı}} “that it’s good”)
#The '''rising-falling tone''' {{done|4}} is for adverbial adjuncts
#The '''rising-falling tone''' {{done|4}} is for adverbial adjuncts.
 
=== Interaction with parts of speech ===
 
This table shows how the four tones interact with Toaq's parts of speech:
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!
! Falling tone {{done|1}}
! Rising tone {{done|2}}
! Glottal tone {{done|3}}
! Rising-falling tone {{done|4}}
|-
! [[Verb]]
| <ul><li>[[Verbal complex]]<li>[[Serial]] tail<li>[[Adjective]]<li>[[Determiner]] complement</ul>
| [[Bound variable]]
| style=background:#ccc |
| [[Adjunct]]
|-
! [[Pronoun]]
| style=background:#ccc |
| Argument
| [[Incorporated object]]
| style=background:#ccc |
|-
! [[Determiner]]
| style=background:#ccc |
| Argument
| [[Incorporated object]]
| style=background:#ccc |
|-
! [[Complementizer]]
| [[Speech act]] complement
| style=background:#ccc |
| [[Subclause]] head</ul>
| [[Incorporated object]]
|-
! [[Interjection]]
| Interjection
| Inquiry
| style=background:#ccc |
| Expression of empathy
|-
! [[Speech act particle]]
| colspan=4 | Lexical tone (i.e. {{t|dâ}} and {{t|da}} are simply different lexemes)
|-
! [[Focus particle]]
| colspan=4 | Steals tone from head if possible, otherwise echoes it
|-
! [[Conjunction]]
| Highest precedence
| Default precedence
| style=background:#ccc |
| Second highest precedence
|}


==Toaq Gamma==
==Toaq Gamma==
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There used to be a '''flat tone''' {{tone|1}}, which marked the continuation of a multisyllable word. But now, the tone contour is spread out over the whole word. This was tone #1, but now it is gone. So we start counting from #2, because it would be more confusing to re-number them.
There used to be a '''flat tone''' {{tone|1}}, which marked the continuation of a multisyllable word. But now, the tone contour is spread out over the whole word. This was tone #1, but now it is gone. So we start counting from #2, because it would be more confusing to re-number them.


The rising-creaky tone {{tone|3}} used to be dipping {{tone|3old}}, and {{tone|7}} was just “creaky”.== Lexical tone ==
The rising-creaky tone {{tone|3}} used to be dipping {{tone|3old}}, and {{tone|7}} was just “creaky”.
 
== Lexical tone ==
Toaq actually does have a little bit of lexical tone. For example, {{t|moq}} (question marker) and {{t|môq}} (rhetorical question marker) are different lexemes.
Toaq actually does have a little bit of lexical tone. For example, {{t|moq}} (question marker) and {{t|môq}} (rhetorical question marker) are different lexemes.