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Verb phrase: Difference between revisions
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A verb phrase is either: | A verb phrase is either: | ||
* A single [[verb]]. | * A single-word [[verb]]. (See that article for why "young" is a verb in Toaq.) | ||
** {{t|Nỉo nháo da.}} "They are young." | ** {{t|Nỉo nháo da.}} "They are young." | ||
* An '''object-incorporating verb''' ({{t|po, mea, jeı}}) followed its incorporated object [[noun phrase]], optionally terminated by {{t|ga}}. | * An '''object-incorporating verb''' ({{t|po, mea, jeı}}) followed its incorporated object [[noun phrase]], optionally terminated by {{t|ga}}. | ||
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* A '''free relative''' construction: {{t|lu … (ky)}}, where the phrase's [[resumptive pronoun]] {{t|hóa}} is the argument of the verb phrase. | * A '''free relative''' construction: {{t|lu … (ky)}}, where the phrase's [[resumptive pronoun]] {{t|hóa}} is the argument of the verb phrase. | ||
** {{t|Lủ sẻa hóa dãqleı ky nháo da.}} "They are someone who rarely rests." | ** {{t|Lủ sẻa hóa dãqleı ky nháo da.}} "They are someone who rarely rests." | ||
* A [[serial]], made by juxtaposing a non-serial verb phrase with another verb phrase. | * A [[serial verb]], made by juxtaposing a non-serial verb phrase with another verb phrase. | ||
** {{t|Jỏaı kảqshıa nháo da.}} "They seek glasses." | ** {{t|Jỏaı kảqshıa nháo da.}} "They seek glasses." | ||
** {{t|Pỏ súq ga chỉetuache nháo da.}} "They are your teacher". | |||
*** The common {{t|pỏ X ga Y}} "is X's Y" construction is a serial verb of {{t|pỏ X ga}} ("is X's") and {{t|Y}}. The {{t|ga}} is mandatory in this position, otherwise {{t|súq chỉetuache}} would be interpreted as a serial verb conjugated in {{tone|2}}. | |||
When tone-conjugating a verb phrase, only the {{tone|4}} on the first word changes to the new tone: | When tone-conjugating a verb phrase, only the {{tone|4}} on the first word changes to the new tone: | ||
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| {{t|lú sẻa hóa dãqleı ky}}<br>the one who rarely rests | | {{t|lú sẻa hóa dãqleı ky}}<br>the one who rarely rests | ||
| {{t|lü sẻa hóa dãqleı ky hóa}} <span style="opacity:0.5">{{t|cy}}</span><br>…who is someone who rarely rests<ref>It's simpler to just say | | {{t|lü sẻa hóa dãqleı ky hóa}} <span style="opacity:0.5">{{t|cy}}</span><br>…who is someone who rarely rests<ref>It's simpler to just say {{t|sëa hóa dãqleı}}, so this one isn't very useful.</ref> | ||
| {{t|lủ sẻa hóa dãqleı ky}}<br>is someone who rarely rests | | {{t|lủ sẻa hóa dãqleı ky}}<br>is someone who rarely rests | ||
| {{t|lû sẻa hóa dãqleı ky (súq)}} <span style="opacity:0.5">{{t|cy}}</span><br>that (you) are someone who rarely rests | | {{t|lû sẻa hóa dãqleı ky (súq)}} <span style="opacity:0.5">{{t|cy}}</span><br>that (you) are someone who rarely rests<ref>Here, too, it's simpler to just say: {{t|sêa súq dãqleı}}.</ref> | ||
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| {{t|jóaı kảqshıa}}<br>the glasses-seeker | | {{t|jóaı kảqshıa}}<br>the glasses-seeker | ||