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FAQ: Difference between revisions
How do I skip slots?: Mentions object incorporation
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This page answers some '''frequently asked questions''' about Toaq. | |||
=== | == Getting started == | ||
=== Where do I start learning? === | |||
Try [[Toaq with Ease]] or the [[Grammar overview]]. The most complete resource is the [[refgram]]. | |||
=== "Complementizer"? "Covert"? I don't understand the refgram at all! === | |||
Don't worry, that's okay! It was written for an audience of linguists, not language learners. Focus on the example sentences if you feel lost in the jargon. If you don't understand a concept, try searching this wiki. You can also ask questions on [[Discord]]. | |||
=== How do you | === How do I type the tone marks/symbols/diacritics? === | ||
See [[Input methods]]. | |||
=== What's the word for... === | |||
You can look it up on [[Toadua]], the community dictionary. | |||
== Speaking and writing == | |||
=== How many tones are there? What does each tone do? === | |||
There are four tones, but each one has various uses depending on the part of speech they are used with. Simplifying things a lot, {{Done|1}} is for particles and verbs, {{Done|2}} is for particles and (pro)nouns, {{Done|3}} marks subordination, and {{Done|4}} is for adverbs. See [[Tone]] for a thorough overview. <!--{{Tone table}}--> | |||
=== How do you pronounce…? === | |||
Please refer to https://toaq.net/refgram/phonology/. | |||
=== What's up with the letter {{t|q}} in this language? Pronunciation of {{t|q}} === | |||
{{t|q}} is somewhat special and its pronunciation may not be immediately obvious. It is pronounced like English ⟨ng⟩ (IPA [ŋ]). The use of the letter Q is a nod to [https://loglangs.wiki/Ceqli Rex May’s Ceqli], an international auxiliary language with loglang elements; it’s also found in natural languages such as Fijian (where it represents [ᵑɡ], to be exact). | |||
=== What's with the ı / i without dot / dotless i? === | |||
Writing ı without the dot distinguishes it more from an i that carries a tone mark, it also makes more room for an adjacent tone mark. Overall, it just makes things easier to read. See [[Latin writing system]]. | |||
== Grammar == | |||
=== Can I fill fewer slots than a verb has? === | |||
Probably! See [[Underfilling]]. | |||
=== How do I skip slots? (What's the equivalent of Lojban's <code>FA</code>?) === | |||
While not an exact equivalent of Lojban’s <code>FA</code>, if you need to access the last slot of a verb, you can use [[Object incorporation]]. Alternatively, just fill the slots with [[pronoun]]s. | |||
=== How does {{t|bọ}} work? What is the meaning / place structure of {{t|bọdo}}? === | |||
Semi-officially, it moves the direct object to the front, and removes the old subject. See [[bo-]]. | |||
=== How do numbers work? === | |||
The official number system is that numbers are just verbs: {{t|saq}} means "___ are three in number", so {{t|Saq jío}} means "the buildings are three" and {{t|sá jıo saq}} means "some buildings that are three" (three buildings). | |||
A more elaborate unofficial number system is described at [[User:Loekıa/Numbers]]. | |||
=== How do I refer back to {{t|sá}} without a following verb? Does it bind {{t|ráı}}? === | |||
No, you have to use {{t|hụ́sa}}. | |||
<!-- | |||
=== What's the difference between an indirect question and a {{t|ꝡé}} phrase? === | |||
The distinction is extremely important logically speaking, but English usually conflates the two, so many people overlook the difference. The following example illustrates the difference: | |||
# {{t|Dua jí ꝡä chı súq hí raı.}} = "I know ''what'' you believe" | |||
# {{t|Dua jí ꝡé chı súq hóa.}} = "I ''know'' what you believe" | |||
Let's say that what you believe is [God exists]. | |||
# says that I know that you believe [God exists], because I know what it is that you believe | |||
# says that I know that [God exists] is true, because I know that which you believe to be true. | |||
--> | |||
== Tools and resources == | |||
=== Is there a way to check whether my sentence is correct? / Is there a translator from Toaq to logic notation? === | === Is there a way to check whether my sentence is correct? / Is there a translator from Toaq to logic notation? === | ||
You can use [[Kuna]]'s web interface [https://toaq.net/kuna/ here]. | |||
=== How can I join the [[Discord]] server? === | |||
Use [https://discord.gg/qDqDsH9 this invite link]. | |||
=== Is there a frequency list? === | |||
Yes! See [https://github.com/toaq/corpus/blob/main/frequency-list.txt frequency-list.txt] in the [https://github.com/toaq/corpus/ corpus] repo. | |||
=== | === Is there a list of translated sentences? === | ||
[https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1bCQoaX02ZyaElHiiMcKHFemO4eV1MEYmYloYZgOAhac/edit#gid=1395088029 This spreadsheet] has up-to-date example sentences in the "Refgram examples" and "A sentences" sheets. <!-- | |||
=== Where does the Toaq logo come from? === | === Where does the Toaq logo come from? === | ||
✅ It's original. | ✅ It's original. | ||
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✅ {{t|A U I O E}} | ✅ {{t|A U I O E}} | ||
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✅ There is, but it is outdated: https://www.memrise.com/course/1974691/toaq-simple-predicates-2018-06-03/ | ✅ There is, but it is outdated: https://www.memrise.com/course/1974691/toaq-simple-predicates-2018-06-03/ | ||
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Marking number is never required. It is usually obvious (or not terribly important) whether something is one thing or more than one thing. When in doubt, read a bare noun as plural unless context suggests otherwise. | Marking number is never required. It is usually obvious (or not terribly important) whether something is one thing or more than one thing. When in doubt, read a bare noun as plural unless context suggests otherwise. | ||
--> | --> | ||
<!-- Unlike previous versions of Toaq, {{t|q}} does not have any allophonic variation - that is, it is always [ŋ] - because syllables may also end with {{t|m}}, which needs to stay distinct. --> | <!-- Unlike previous versions of Toaq, {{t|q}} does not have any allophonic variation - that is, it is always [ŋ] - because syllables may also end with {{t|m}}, which needs to stay distinct. --> | ||
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https://media.giphy.com/media/ggK1ZflC7o7OLMJ3Xk/giphy.gif | https://media.giphy.com/media/ggK1ZflC7o7OLMJ3Xk/giphy.gif | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
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