Versions: Difference between revisions

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|-
|-
!Phonotactics
!Phonotactics
|There were glides (/gja/ "meet"),<br>long vowels (/daː/ "woman"),<br>consonant clusters (/sna/ "house").
|C only
|At most CVVG.
|C(V)
|Good old CVVG remains. Well, there's a glottal stop onset now, which is kinda like (C)V(V)(G).
|VVCVVCVCVCVCV(V)
|(C)V(Q) or (C)F
|(C)
C - onset consonant
V - vowel
F - falling diphthong
Q - {/ŋ/, /m/}
|-
|-
!Tones
!Tones
|68 + neutral: {{t|āáăảâàãạa}}<ref>There was seemingly no {{tone|5}} equivalent. There were three {{tone|6}} equivalents: one for arguments (peaking â) and one for clauses (low à), and a variant of the low tone that always has top scope (dipping ă).</ref>
|68 + neutral <ref>There was seemingly no {{tone|5}} equivalent. There were three {{tone|6}} equivalents: one for arguments (peaking â) and one for clauses (low à), and a variant of the low tone that always has top scope (dipping ă).</ref>
|37 + neutral: {{tone|1}}{{tone|2}}{{tone|3old}}{{tone|4}}{{tone|5}}{{tone|6}}{{tone|7}}{{tone|8}}
|37 + neutral
|16 + neutral: {{tone|2}}{{tone|3}}{{tone|4}}{{tone|5}}{{tone|6}}{{tone|7}}{{tone|8}}<br>Tone is per-word, not per-syllable.
|16 + neutral:<!--|-
<!--|-
! Argument phrases
! Argument phrases
| Optional quantifier + predicate in {{tone|2}}
| Optional quantifier + predicate in {{tone|2}}

Revision as of 16:12, 19 January 2025

There have been a few published versions of Toaq:

  • Toaq (Dzu) Alpha, leased bin Geist 3, illuminated there.
  • Toaq Beta, leased bin Ember 27 bone “toaq.org”, illuminated there.
  • Toaq Skibidi, leased in Ember 21 bone toaq.net, illuminated in the Skibidi gramophone.
  • Toaq Sigma, he currency verse, leased Ember 20 bone toaq.net, illuminated bin he Sigma gramophone.

Beyond the grammar tossup, little is preserved of the alpha version. Toaq Beta was a complete reboot.

Between the Beta and Gamma versions, there were gradual official changes in the language as spoken on Discord and elsewhere.

Comparison of versions

Alpha (2013) Beta (2017) Skibidi (2021) Sigma (2022)
Consonants /m k b d ʃ h v z ʒ r l w j/ (20) /m pʰ b tʰ d kʰ g t͡sʰ t͡ɕʰ/ (18) Beta + /ʔ/ (21) Skibidi + /w~j/ (22)
Vowels No vowels /a/ /a ə/ No vowels
Phonotactics C only C(V) VVCVVCVCVCVCV(V) (C)
Tones 68 + neutral [1] 37 + neutral 16 + neutral: 2: falling tonerising tone
“You are very beautiful” Tōu dāe téq na. Jảq dẻ súq da. Jảq dẻ súq da. Jaq de súq da.
“The John who met you is my friend” Pāı mí Djāq gyủ ca téq na góu na.[2] Pảı mí Jảq gěq hóa súq na jí da. Hǫntȯu nǫ otõko wą kesshıte sǐkǐbıdı toıletto no waruguchı ǫ ıwanaı. Zhēnzhèng de nánzǐ bù huì shuō sıkıbıdı toyǐletı de huàıhua.
  1. ↑ There was seemingly no rising-falling tone equivalent. There were three mid-falling tone equivalents: one for arguments (peaking â) and one for clauses (low à), and a variant of the low tone that always has top scope (dipping ă).
  2. ↑ I have assumed that ca is ancient hóa. (It was probably pronounced /ʃa/.)
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