Atomic verb: Difference between revisions
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In ''' | In Toaq, everything in the dictionary is an '''atomic verb''' ({{t|jeotoa}}, a.k.a. verb word, predicate word), except for [[particle]]s and [[interjection]]s. There is no lexical distinction between nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and verbs. | ||
For | For example, {{t|maı}} is a verb meaning “to love”, {{t|meı}} is a verb meaning “to be a mountain”, and {{t|mıo}} is a verb meaning “to be blue”. | ||
A verb | A verb expresses a [[relation]] of the positional arguments that follow it. The dictionary definition for any verb has symbols like ◌ or ___ in it to indicate how the arguments are related by the verb: | ||
<blockquote> | |||
{{t|leoq}}: ◌ shields ◌ from ◌.<br> | {{t|leoq}}: ◌ shields ◌ from ◌.<br> | ||
{{t|leoq '''jáke jí rúq'''}}: '''The jacket<sub>1</sub>''' shields '''me<sub>2</sub>''' from '''the rain<sub>3</sub> | {{t|leoq '''jáke jí rúq'''}}: '''The jacket<sub>1</sub>''' shields '''me<sub>2</sub>''' from '''the rain<sub>3</sub> | ||
Latest revision as of 16:13, 19 January 2025
In Toaq, everything in the dictionary is an atomic verb (jeotoa, a.k.a. verb word, predicate word), except for particles and interjections. There is no lexical distinction between nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and verbs.
For example, maı is a verb meaning “to love”, meı is a verb meaning “to be a mountain”, and mıo is a verb meaning “to be blue”.
A verb expresses a relation of the positional arguments that follow it. The dictionary definition for any verb has symbols like ◌ or ___ in it to indicate how the arguments are related by the verb:
leoq: ◌ shields ◌ from ◌.
leoq jáke jí rúq: The jacket1 shields me2 from the rain3
Within the broader category of possibly-multiple-word verbs, these single-word atomic verbs are opposed to analytic verbs.
Toaq verbs (atomic or analytic) can be juxtaposed to create serial verbs.
What about all the other parts of speech?
Noun phrases are created by placing determiners in front of verbs (including the second tone 
, which is a sort of suprasegmental determiner meaning the.)
Adjectives are a special case of the serial verb system: mıo meı is a serial verb meaning “to be a blue mountain”.
Prepositions and adverbs are created from verbs by tone-conjugating verb phrases into 
: see Adverbial.