Glossary
This page gives an overview of Toaq-specific jargon, or logic jargon as it relates to Toaq.
Auto-hóa
A family of proposals for automatically inserting hóa into a relative clause. See the dedicated page.
Contentive
A word that carries meaning rather than function, unlike particles. In Toaq, this term has been superseded by the much more beginner-friendly sounding verb, or predicate.
Donkey
See Donkey sentence.
Exhibitor slots
An old-school way to say "genitival serialization" (the "merge-with-baq" behavior).
- A proposed kind of predicate slot with special serial behavior. Written
ein signatures. - Semantically, this slot is filled with a concrete (
c) value, but it participates in serial merges sort of like a1. - For example: if muoq is taken to be
c e, then muoq pẻq is “___ is made of paper”. - This would shrink wordy constructs like sa mủoq sü hóa baq pẻq down to just sa mủoq pẻq, and thus partially solve the “Toaq doesn’t have a word like Lojban
be” problem.
Frame
A family of words, all having the same signature. Each frame is named after a familiar word in the frame.
See Hoaqgio’s list of predicate frames for a list of all major frames as of 2021. The new list is much slimmer; viz. Frame#Table of semantic frames.
Great Root Expansion (GRE)
JJ
Jìe jí, "in my opinion".
New Segmentation (Newseg)
A 2020 proposal for a change to the tone system. This was superseded by the segmentation system as laid out in the reference grammar (look under ‘Word segmentation via tones’ here).
Opaque
- Of a grammar construct like po X: meaning quantifiers on the inside don't leak out of it into the main prenex.
- Of compound words like nıefā: meaning that you can't technically figure out the meaning just by applying rules to the parts; you have to look it up in a dictionary to be sure. But of course there are a lot of useful patterns. The decomposition into nıe and fa can be considered an etymology or a mnemonic, but there's no "transparent" process that determines its meaning.
- In linguistics, these kinds of compounds are known as derivational (vs. compositional) or exocentric (vs. endocentric) compounds.
Small Grammar Update (SGU)
A modification the way adverbs work and where they can be placed. Only partially implemented; see Small Grammar Update#Current status.
t2, t3, t4…
The second, third, fourth… tone.
Universe of discourse (UoD)
The set of things under discussion at a given time. Quantifiers range over this domain, so that tu poq doesn't necessarily mean "all of the people in the world". See Wikipedia.