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Grammar overview: Difference between revisions
adverbs, prepositions
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== Sentence structure == | == Sentence structure == | ||
Toaq word order is "verb, subject, object". | Toaq word order is "verb, subject, object". | ||
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{{Example|Chum chuq súq hí {{green|raı}}?|What are you eating? (Which {{green|anything}} are you eating?)}} | {{Example|Chum chuq súq hí {{green|raı}}?|What are you eating? (Which {{green|anything}} are you eating?)}} | ||
{{Example|Gı tú {{green|raı}}.|Every{{green|thing}} is good.}} | {{Example|Gı tú {{green|raı}}.|Every{{green|thing}} is good.}} | ||
== Names and quotes == | |||
To refer to words, use {{t|shú WORD}} or {{t|mó MANY WORDS teo}}. | |||
{{Example|Cho jí shú ‹soaq›.|I like the-word "garden."}} | |||
{{Example|Kúq jí mó « foı jí » teo.|I say the-words "I'm bored" (end).}} | |||
To refer to people and things by their name, use {{t|mí WORD}} or {{t|mímo MANY WORDS teo}}. | |||
{{Example|Pu geq jí mí Sara.|I met Sara.}} | |||
{{Example|Pu noaq jí mímo Ké Nuru Bao teo.|I read ''The White Snake''.}} | |||
== Adverbs == | |||
To make an adverb out of a verb, say it in the rising-falling tone {{done|4}} and put it at the end. | |||
{{Example|Taocıa hóq.|It's unintentional.}} | |||
{{Example|Dem jí cíoq.|I press the button.}} | |||
{{Example|Dem jí cíoq {{green|tâocıa}}.|I press the button {{green|unintentionally}}.}} | |||
This means: I press the button, and '''me pressing the button''' is unintentional. | |||
If the verb can't describe an event, the adverb says something about the subject instead: | |||
{{Example|Dem jí cíoq {{green|fôı}}.|I press the button {{green|boredly}}.}} | |||
Events can't be bored, so this means: I press the button, and '''I'm''' bored while doing so. | |||
== Prepositions == | |||
If a verb is transitive, its adverb form (the {{done|4}} form) takes an object. This acts just like a preposition: | |||
{{Example|Nıe hóq kúa.|It's inside the room.}} | |||
{{Example|Dem jí cíoq {{green|nîe}} kúa.|I press the button {{green|inside}} the room.}} | |||
I press the button, and '''me pressing the button''' happens inside the room. | |||
And again, if the verb can't describe an event, the preposition phrase says something about the subject. | |||
{{Example|Sı jí kíqtoq.|I focus on the screen.}} | |||
{{Example|Dem jí cíoq {{green|sî}} kíqtoq.|I press the button {{green|focusing-on}} the screen.}} | |||
Events can't focus on things, so this means: I press the button, and '''I'm''' focusing on the screen while doing so. | |||