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Conjunction: Difference between revisions
{verb,noun} {phrase → form}
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The logical conjunctions are: {{t|ru}} “and”, {{t|ra}} “either/or”, {{t|ro}} “xor”, and {{t|rı}} “which one?”. | The logical conjunctions are: {{t|ru}} “and”, {{t|ra}} “either/or”, {{t|ro}} “xor”, and {{t|rı}} “which one?”. | ||
They can combine noun | They can combine noun forms, verb forms, adverbials, prepositions, relative clauses, and statements: see the [https://toaq.net/refgram/22/ refgram]. | ||
=== On combining verb | === On combining verb forms === | ||
Logical conjunctions of verb | Logical conjunctions of verb forms have “combine the sentences” semantics ''inside their would-be definition'', rather than causing a bifurcation in the clause they're in. | ||
For example, {{t|bảo ru kủo}} is a new verb | For example, {{t|bảo ru kủo}} is a new verb form meaning “___ is white, and it is black”. | ||
So {{t|Nẻo sa bảo ru kủo tóq}} claims that there is a black-and-white thing on the table. We do not read it as {{t|(Nẻo sa bảo tóq) & (Nẻo sa kủo tóq)}}. If this meaning is desired it can be recovered by combining noun | So {{t|Nẻo sa bảo ru kủo tóq}} claims that there is a black-and-white thing on the table. We do not read it as {{t|(Nẻo sa bảo tóq) & (Nẻo sa kủo tóq)}}. If this meaning is desired it can be recovered by combining noun forms instead: {{t|Nẻo sa bảo ru <u>sa</u> kủo tóq}}. | ||
=== On combining statements === | === On combining statements === | ||
To say “I work and you rest”, you might try {{t|Gủaı jí ru sẻa súq}}. But this is incorrect: {{t|jí ru sẻa}} is a [[noun | To say “I work and you rest”, you might try {{t|Gủaı jí ru sẻa súq}}. But this is incorrect: {{t|jí ru sẻa}} is a [[noun form]] meaning “that which is me and rests”. (It's the {{tone|2}} tone-conjugation of the conjoined [[verb form]] {{t|jỉ ru sẻa}}.) | ||
Statements are correctly combined by placing the statement-terminator particle {{t|na}} in front of the conjunction. | Statements are correctly combined by placing the statement-terminator particle {{t|na}} in front of the conjunction. | ||
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== Non-logical conjunctions == | == Non-logical conjunctions == | ||
A '''non-logical''' conjunction is one that combines two noun | A '''non-logical''' conjunction is one that combines two noun forms into a new noun form, without such “logical expansion” semantics. | ||
The only non-logical conjunction in standard Toaq is {{t|roı}} “together with”, which takes the [[plural logic]] “sum” of its conjugands. | The only non-logical conjunction in standard Toaq is {{t|roı}} “together with”, which takes the [[plural logic]] “sum” of its conjugands. | ||
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{{Example|Hỉe <u>súq ru jí</u> sa shỉ cẻa da.|You carry a bag, and I carry a bag.}} | {{Example|Hỉe <u>súq ru jí</u> sa shỉ cẻa da.|You carry a bag, and I carry a bag.}} | ||
Joining things that aren't noun | Joining things that aren't noun forms with {{t|roı}} is a bit semantically dubious. Possibly, joining statements with {{t|roı}} means something like claiming a “sum event” of two things happening together, maybe in the same time/place/context, rather than claiming that one happens and the other happens. | ||
== Prefix usage == | == Prefix usage == | ||