Prosody: Difference between revisions

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(Created page with " {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Syllable shapes |- ! rowspan="3" | Medial ! rowspan="3" | Final ! rowspan="2" | Unstressed ! colspan="4" | Stressed |- ! N...")
 
(Vv → Vx)
 
(8 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 6: Line 6:
! rowspan="3" | Final
! rowspan="3" | Final
! rowspan="2" | Unstressed
! rowspan="2" | Unstressed
! colspan="4" | Stressed
! colspan="3" | Stressed
|-
|-
! No hiatus
! No hiatus
! Hiatus present
! colspan=2 | Hiatus present
|-
|-
! {{tone|0}}<ref group=nb name=neutral />
! {{tone|0}}<ref group=nb name=neutral />
! {{tone|4}}{{tone|2}}{{tone|6}}
! {{tone|4}}{{tone|2}}{{tone|6}}
! {{tone|5}}{{tone|3}}{{tone|7}}
! {{tone|5}}{{tone|3}}{{tone|7}}
! alternate<ref group=nb name=magi />
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" | ∅
! rowspan="2" | ∅
Line 19: Line 20:
| V
| V
| Vː
| Vː
| V₁.V₁
| colspan=2 | V₁.V₁
|-
|-
! Vv<ref group=nb name=v />
! Vx<ref group=nb name=x />
| Vv
| Vx
| Vv
| Vx
| V₁.V₁v
| colspan=2 |  V₁.V₁x
|-
|-
! rowspan="3" | V
! rowspan="3" | V
Line 31: Line 32:
| V₁ː.V₂
| V₁ː.V₂
| V₁.V₁.V₂
| V₁.V₁.V₂
| '''V₁ː.V₂'''
|-
|-
! Vv<ref group=nb name=v />
! Vx<ref group=nb name=x />
| V₁.V₂v
| V₁.V₂x
| V₁ː.V₂v
| V₁ː.V₂x
| V₁.V₁.V₂v
| V₁.V₁.V₂x
| rowspan=2 | '''V₁ː.V₂x'''
|-
|-
! ˈaw<ref group=nb name=restress />
! ˈaw<ref group=nb name=restress />
Line 43: Line 46:
|}
|}
<references group=nb>
<references group=nb>
<ref name=v>Stands for final /j/, /w/, /ŋ/.</ref>
<ref name=x>Stands for any of the three permissible codal consonants – /j/, /w/, /ŋ/ – which turn a preceding /u i o/ into its allophonic variant [ʊ ɪ ɔ] respectively, as well as eliminate any lengthening.</ref>
<ref name=neutral>Includes the continuation tone (belonging to non-initial syllables of multisyllabic words).</ref>
<ref name=neutral>Includes the continuation tone (belonging to non-initial syllables of multisyllabic words).</ref>
<ref name=restress>Special-cased since it shifts stress.</ref>
<ref name=restress>Special-cased since it shifts stress.</ref>
<ref name=magi>[[magı]]’s alternate system where hiatus tones do not reduplicate any vowels, but leverage existing hiatuses in the word. In addition, /Vaw/ is not given special treatment in this system and remains initially stressed.</ref>
</references>
</references>


Phone-based mora counts ([V] = 1 mora; [Vː], [Vx] = 2 morae; unchanged by magı’s alternate system):
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center"
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center"
|+ Mora counts
|-
|-
!
!
! {{tone|0}}
! {{tone|4}}{{tone|2}}{{tone|6}}
! {{tone|5}}{{tone|3}}{{tone|7}}
! alternate
|-
! /V/
! /V/
! /Vv/
| 1
| 2
| colspan=2 | 2
|-
! /Vx/
| colspan=2 | 2
| colspan=2 | 3
|-
! /VV/
! /VV/
! /VVv/
| 2
| 3
| colspan=2 | 3
|-
! /VVx/
| 3
| 4
| colspan=2 | 4
|-
! /Vaw/
! /Vaw/
| colspan=2 | 3
| colspan=2 | 4
|}
Hiatus-based mora counts (each hiatus [.] adds 1 mora):
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center"
|-
|-
!
! {{tone|0}}
! {{tone|0}}
| 1μ
! {{tone|4}}{{tone|2}}{{tone|6}}
| rowspan=2 | 2μ
! {{tone|5}}{{tone|3}}{{tone|7}}
| 2μ
! alternate
| 3μ
|-
| rowspan=2 | 3μ
! /V/
| rowspan=2 colspan=2 | 1
| rowspan=2 colspan=2 | 2
|-
! /Vx/
|-
! /VV/
| rowspan=3 colspan=2 | 2
| rowspan=3 colspan=1 | 3
| rowspan=3 colspan=1 | '''2'''
|-
|-
! {{tone|4}}{{tone|2}}{{tone|6}}
! /VVx/
| 2μ
| 3μ
| 4μ
|-
|-
! {{tone|5}}{{tone|3}}{{tone|7}}
! /Vaw/
| 2μ
| 3μ
| 3μ
| 4μ
| 4μ
|}
|}


Mixed hiatus- and phone-based mora counts (each hiatus [.], as well as drawn-out vowel [ː] adds 1 mora):
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center"
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center"
|+ Syllable counts
|-
|-
!
!
! {{tone|0}}
! {{tone|4}}{{tone|2}}{{tone|6}}
! {{tone|5}}{{tone|3}}{{tone|7}}
! alternate
|-
! /V/
! /V/
! /Vv/
| 1
| 2
| colspan=2 | 2
|-
! /Vx/
| 1
| 1
| colspan=2 | 2
|-
! /VV/
! /VV/
! /VVv/
| rowspan=2 | 2
! /Vaw/
| rowspan=2 | 3
|-
| rowspan=2 | 3
! {{tone|0}}
| rowspan=2 | '''3'''
| rowspan=2 colspan=2 | 1σ
| rowspan=2 colspan=3 | 2σ
|-
|-
! {{tone|4}}{{tone|2}}{{tone|6}}
! /VVx/
|-
|-
! {{tone|5}}{{tone|3}}{{tone|7}}
! /Vaw/
| rowspan=2 colspan=2 | 2σ
| 2
| rowspan=2 colspan=3 | 3σ
| 2/'''3'''
| rowspan=2 | 3
| '''3'''
|}
|}

Latest revision as of 09:52, 17 February 2022

Syllable shapes
Medial Final Unstressed Stressed
No hiatus Hiatus present
neutral tone[nb 1] falling tonerising tonemid-falling tone rising-falling tonerising-creaky tonefalling creaky tone alternate[nb 2]
∅ V V Vː V₁.V₁
Vx[nb 3] Vx Vx V₁.V₁x
V V V₁.V₂ V₁ː.V₂ V₁.V₁.V₂ V₁ː.V₂
Vx[nb 3] V₁.V₂x V₁ː.V₂x V₁.V₁.V₂x V₁ː.V₂x
ˈaw[nb 4] V.ˈaw V.ˈaw V.ˈa.aw
  1. ↑ Includes the continuation tone (belonging to non-initial syllables of multisyllabic words).
  2. ↑ magı’s alternate system where hiatus tones do not reduplicate any vowels, but leverage existing hiatuses in the word. In addition, /Vaw/ is not given special treatment in this system and remains initially stressed.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Stands for any of the three permissible codal consonants – /j/, /w/, /ŋ/ – which turn a preceding /u i o/ into its allophonic variant [ʊ ɪ ɔ] respectively, as well as eliminate any lengthening.
  4. ↑ Special-cased since it shifts stress.

Phone-based mora counts ([V] = 1 mora; [Vː], [Vx] = 2 morae; unchanged by magı’s alternate system):

neutral tone falling tonerising tonemid-falling tone rising-falling tonerising-creaky tonefalling creaky tone alternate
/V/ 1 2 2
/Vx/ 2 3
/VV/ 2 3 3
/VVx/ 3 4 4
/Vaw/ 3 4

Hiatus-based mora counts (each hiatus [.] adds 1 mora):

neutral tone falling tonerising tonemid-falling tone rising-falling tonerising-creaky tonefalling creaky tone alternate
/V/ 1 2
/Vx/
/VV/ 2 3 2
/VVx/
/Vaw/

Mixed hiatus- and phone-based mora counts (each hiatus [.], as well as drawn-out vowel [ː] adds 1 mora):

neutral tone falling tonerising tonemid-falling tone rising-falling tonerising-creaky tonefalling creaky tone alternate
/V/ 1 2 2
/Vx/ 1 1 2
/VV/ 2 3 3 3
/VVx/
/Vaw/ 2 2/3 3 3
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